Prohibits sex and gender discrimination by employers with 15 or more employees. Following the 2020 U.S. Supreme Court ruling in Bostock v. Clayton County, Title VII's protections extend to discrimination based on gender identity and sexual orientation.
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Gender Discrimination in the New Jersey Workplace
Gender discrimination affects employees in hiring, pay, promotions, and every other aspect of employment. If your employer has treated you differently because of your gender, gender identity, or gender expression, the attorneys at Mark | Kleinfeldt can help.
What Is Gender Discrimination Under New Jersey Law?
Gender discrimination occurs when an employer treats an employee or job applicant differently because of their sex, gender identity, or gender expression. It covers adverse treatment in every aspect of employment — hiring, compensation, promotions, job assignments, working conditions, and termination.
Under the New Jersey Law Against Discrimination and Title VII of the Civil Rights Act, sex and gender are protected characteristics. The NJLAD covers employers of all sizes in New Jersey, while Title VII applies to employers with 15 or more employees. The 2020 U.S. Supreme Court decision in Bostock v. Clayton County confirmed that federal protections under Title VII extend to discrimination based on gender identity and sexual orientation as well.
Gender discrimination often takes subtle forms. Being held to higher performance standards than colleagues of a different gender, being passed over for opportunities that go to less qualified employees, being excluded from client-facing work or advancement, and being paid less for doing substantially the same job all qualify when gender is the motivating factor.
Prohibits discrimination based on sex, gender identity, and gender expression. Applies to all New Jersey employers regardless of size.
Requires employers to pay employees equal compensation for substantially equal work regardless of gender. Puts the burden on the employer to prove that any pay difference is based on a legitimate factor other than gender. Under the 2018 NJLAD amendment, a successful plaintiff in a wage disparity case can recover up to six years of improperly withheld compensation.
Who Is Protected Under This Law?
The NJLAD protects all New Jersey employees from discrimination based on sex, gender identity, and gender expression — regardless of employer size. Title VII extends the same protections to employees of employers with 15 or more employees. Both laws protect men and women, as well as employees who are nonbinary or who do not conform to gender stereotypes.
If you are a member of this protected class — or your employer perceived you to be — and you experienced adverse treatment, you may have a claim.
Signs You May Have a Gender Discrimination Claim
You are paid less than male colleagues doing substantially the same work
You were passed over for a promotion that went to a less qualified male employee
You are held to higher or different performance standards than colleagues of a different gender
You were excluded from training, client relationships, or advancement opportunities available to employees of a different gender
You were subjected to comments or conduct based on your gender that management ignored or dismissed
You were fired, demoted, or otherwise penalized after raising a concern about unequal pay or gender-based treatment
What You Need to Prove in a Gender Discrimination Case
What you need to show depends on the type of gender discrimination claim. You do not need to have all of this figured out before you call. That is what the case evaluation is for.
For a general gender discrimination claim
You are a member of a protected class based on sex, gender identity, or gender expression; you were qualified and meeting your employer's expectations; you suffered an adverse employment action; and gender was a motivating factor in that action. This is often shown through comparisons to how similarly situated employees of a different gender were treated.
For an equal pay claim
You performed work substantially equal to that of an employee of a different gender in terms of skill, effort, and responsibility under similar working conditions, and you were paid less. The burden then shifts to the employer to show the pay difference was based on a legitimate factor other than gender — such as seniority, merit, or productivity — and the employer's explanation must hold up under scrutiny.
How Gender Discrimination Cases Work in New Jersey
Pay disparities and unequal treatment can persist for years before an employee realizes the full picture. Here is what the process looks like from the first conversation forward.
An attorney reviews the facts of your situation and tells you whether you have a viable gender discrimination claim, what it might be worth, and what your options are.
The client provides all of their evidence — compensation records, promotion and assignment history, performance review comparisons between employees of different genders, and communications that suggest gender was a factor in employment decisions.
Gender discrimination claims may be filed in state or federal court or with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC).
Mark & Kleinfeldt negotiates from a position of strength, prepared and willing to go to trial when the situation calls for it. That posture changes what employers offer at the negotiating table.
Successful gender discrimination claims can result in back pay and lost wages, up to six years of improperly withheld compensation in wage disparity cases, compensatory damages for emotional distress, reinstatement, attorney's fees and costs, and in cases of intentional discrimination, punitive damages.
Results We've Secured in Gender Discrimination Cases
$210K
Gender Discrimination
Related Claims to Consider
Gender discrimination often overlaps with other employment claims. If any of the following also describe your situation, you may have more than one claim worth pursuing.
Sexual Harassment
Gender-based conduct in the workplace frequently crosses into sexual harassment. If the treatment you experienced included unwanted sexual comments, advances, or a hostile environment based on your gender, you may have a harassment claim alongside your discrimination claim.
Wrongful Termination
If gender discrimination led to your termination, your gender discrimination claim and a wrongful termination claim may run together.
Frequently Asked Questions
Yes. Both the New Jersey Equal Pay Act and the federal Equal Pay Act require equal pay for substantially equal work regardless of gender. The burden is on the employer to show that any pay difference is justified by a legitimate factor other than gender — such as seniority, merit, or skill — and that explanation must hold up under scrutiny. Under the 2018 NJLAD amendment, a successful plaintiff in a wage disparity case can recover up to six years of improperly withheld compensation.
Yes. New Jersey law specifically protects employees who discuss, disclose, or request information about compensation with coworkers to determine whether they are being paid equally. An employer cannot retaliate against you for having those conversations.
Yes. The NJLAD explicitly protects employees based on gender identity and gender expression, which includes nonbinary employees and those who do not conform to gender stereotypes. Title VII also extends protections to gender identity following the U.S. Supreme Court's 2020 decision in Bostock v. Clayton County.
That may be a valid defense, but the employer bears the burden of proving it. The explanation must be specific, documented, and applied consistently — not a generalized claim that pay differences reflect individual merit. If the stated reason does not hold up under scrutiny, it may be a pretext for discrimination.
Gender discrimination claims are time-sensitive. The deadline depends on which law you pursue and where you file. NJLAD claims brought in Superior Court are generally subject to a two-year statute of limitations from the last act of discrimination.
Ready to Find Out If You Have a Gender Discrimination Case?
You've learned what gender discrimination covers in New Jersey and what you would need to show. The next step is a conversation with a Certified Civil Trial Attorney who can tell you specifically whether what happened to you is legally actionable.